Chemistry

Today in chemistry we had to make a stop motion in slides, showing either convection or conduction. Convection is when heat is being transferred by a liquid or gas. In my stop motion it is showing a camp fire toasting a marshmallow through convection.  

convection experiment

Tea bag rockets

Today in science we did an experiment using tea bags, our aim was to observe convection. Convection is when an object has been heated causing the particles to break apart from each other then eventually floating up into the air. First we had to cut the top of the tea bag leaving it open to empty it out. Then we made the bag stand up, and use a lighter or matches to light it on fire. As it burnt to the bottom it soon flew up and floated, then slowly came down. Because the bag was heated up it caused the particles to break apart fast then slowly float upwards. I think this experiment was really cool because this is something you don´t get to see everyday, and seeing everyone´s reaction was funny.

Diffusion experiment

Chemistry

Diffusion are particles moving from high to low concentrations.

Aim - We are doing diffusion in hot and cold water to see which diffuses faster

Hypothesis - I think hot will diffuse faster

Method -

1. half fill your petri dish with cold tap water

2. Place the petri dish on your work bench and allow the water to become settled.

3. Using the spatular, place a single crystal of potassium permanganate in the centre of the petri dish. 

4. Observe for 5 minutes

5. repeat the experiment using hot water

Observations - 

In the cold water the particles moved slowly away 

In the hot water the particles spread right away

Results - the hot water diffused faster and the cold diffused slower

Discussion - hot diffused faster because the heat of the water made the particles break apart faster, and because cold is thicker it made the particles break apart slower. 

States of matter

Distillation experiment

Distillation

Today we are going to be experimenting with coca-cola by trying to separate the solid and the liquid. 

Distillation - purifying a liquid by heating and cooling

Evaporation - turning liquid into gas

Condensation - turning gas into liquid

Aim - to separate a solute from a solvent in a solution using distillation 

Equipment - coke, conical flask, heatproof mat, a delivery tube and bung, Bunsen burner, tripod, gauze mat, retort stand, boss head and clamp, boiling tube. 

Hypothesis - I think coca-cola will be left with a bunch of sugar, and coke zero will be left with a little bit of sugar

Method

1. set up equipment as shown in diagram

2. add approximately 50mL of coke to your conical flask

3. light your Bunsen burner. Open the air hole and gently push the Bunsen burner under the tripod 

4. heat the solution until most of the solvent has been evaporated. Turn off your Bunsen burner.

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Observations - the coke starts to fog up in the conical flask, it starts to bubble up, there is steam coming out from the boiling tube, 

Conclusion - In conclusion my hypothesis was right! The coke was left with a bunch if sugar and the coke zero was left with only a little. 

Discussion - We had a solution of coke put into the conical flask. As we turned the element on to heat up it caused the solution to boil, then it started evaporating, which evaporated the solvent that went up to the test tube into the boiling tube that caused condensation to allow it to turn into clear liquid. The finishing result was left with the solute which was the sugar. 

Evaporation experiment

Experiment 

We have been learning about distillation, evaporation and dilution. Evaporation is when liquid turns into gas.

Solute- solid
Solvent- liquid
Solution- mixture
Copper sulphate-sulphur & oxygen
Aim-  To evaporate copper sulphate ( blue liquid )- solution
Hypothesis- I think that the water will bubble up and make the copper sulphate heat up and turn into gas, leaving the solid behind.
Equipment- Gauze mate, 250 ml beaker, heat proof mat, evaporating basin, element, copper sulphate solution

Method: 

1. Set up element
2. Add 100mL of hot water to the beaker and place on the element.
3. Add copper sulphate to the evaporating basin until it is quarter full.
4. Carefully, place the the evaporating basin on top of the beaker. 
5. Turn on the element to 3
6. Heat the solution until most of the solvent has been evaporated and crystals of solute are forming. 
7. Turn off the element- careful not to touch as will be hot for a long time.

Observations- 
The water starts to boil up, steam is starting to come out from the top through to the evaporating dish, 
Conclusion- My hypothesis was right the water boiled up making the copper sulphate evaporate into gas/steam leaving the solid behind! Blue crystals were formed after the boiling was done.

dilution experiment

Serial Dilution

Today in chemistry class we learnt how to make water look dilute ( weak ) and concentrated ( strong ). We started off by using the getting 6 test tubes and filling 5 of them with 5 mills of water and the other with 10 mills. Then the teacher came around and filled the test tube with 10 mills of water with some potassium permanganate. After that we used a pipette to take 5 mills out of the test tube with potassium permanganate into another test tube, then poured 5 mills from that test tube into another and kept repeating till the last test tube was filled. The finishing results shouldve shown a colour difference by having one test tube looking light than the others, so showing dilute test tubes and concentrated test tubes.
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